http://www.sleepycat.com/products/db.sh
This is an embedded database (not an RDBMS) that supports a few different different data access methods - by hey/hash, by index (a sort of B-tree), and by record number. Its considered to be very fast, lightweight (works in-process with your application, not in a client-server way); has bindings for multiple languages like C, C++, Python, etc. Cisco ships it in their routers, so do many other companies use it in their products. See the customers and open source links below for some such companies and products.
SleepyCat Software
http://www.sleepycat.com
They are the makers of Berkeley DB family of products. They say they have over 200 million deployments of Berkeley DB, making it "the leading open source developer database".
Berkeley DB Java Edition
http://www.sleepycat.com/products/je.sh
They also have a Java edition - which is written in and callable from Java.
Berkeley DB XML Edition
http://www.sleepycat.com/products/xml.s
They also have an XML edition - a native XML database engine - which is built on top of Berkeley DB.
Their customers
http://www.sleepycat.com/solutions/cust
Open source
http://www.sleepycat.com/solutions/open
News article - InfoWorld
http://www.infoworld.com/article/05/0
News article - eWeek
http://www.eweek.com/article2/0,1759,18
Tibco
http://www.tibco.com
The company
http://www.tibco.com/company/default.js
Excerpts:
'Headquartered in Palo Alto, California, TIBCO Software Inc. (Nasdaq:TIBX) TIBCO is a leading business integration and process management software company that enables real-time business with thousands of customers and annual revenues of more than $250 million. TIBCO's software is used by leading companies in a wide range of industries including energy, financial services, healthcare, government, manufacturing, retail, telecommunications and transportation and logistics.'
'History: The Real-Time Business Pioneer
TIBCO is the successor to a portion of the business of Teknekron Software Systems, Inc. Teknekron was founded in 1985 by Vivek Ranadivé and developed software, known as The Information Bus™ (TIB), for the integration and delivery of market data -- such as stock quotes, news and other financial information -- in trading rooms of large banks and financial services institutions. In 1994 Teknekron was acquired by Reuters Group PLC, which continued the development of TIB software and expanded its use in the financial services markets
In January 1997 TIBCO Software Inc. was established as a separate entity to create and market software solutions for use in the integration of business information, processes and applications outside the financial services sector. In July 1999 TIBCO went public on the Nasdaq Stock Market under the ticker symbol TIBX, and since that time TIBCO has been established itself as the leading independent provider of business integration software.'